What are they?

You can choose from a wide range of academic subjects, as well as some 'applied' (work-related) subjects.

Many people use AS and A-levels to go on to higher education, but they're also useful if you want to go straight into a job.

AS and A-levels are at level 3 on the National Qualifications Framework. The framework shows how different types of qualifications compare, in terms of the demands they place on learners.

What form do they take?

AS-level - The AS-level can be either a free standing qualification, or be valued as the first half of the full A-level. At the end of the AS-year, you have two options (depending on the preference of your school or college) - take the AS-level qualification only or continue to the second year and go for the full A-level.

A2 - In year two of a full A-level, you take the A2 - this is not a separate qualification, but rather the second half of the A-level. The A2 is designed to deepen the knowledge you gained during the AS-level.

If you're expecting to get an A grade at A-level, you might also want to consider taking an Advanced Extension Award (AEA).

The AS and A2 are each made up of three units.

Changes from September 2008 will give higher achievers more opportunities to demonstrate their ability.

Assessment and grading

You are normally assessed on a mixture of 70% written exams and 30% coursework. There is assessment of practical skills in some subjects like science or art.

All A-levels must also include some 'synoptic assessment' as part of the A2. This means testing your understanding of the whole subject, and will normally contribute 20% to the full A-level.

AS and A-levels are graded A-E. The results are announced in August and March each year. Your results slip will also show a score on something called the 'uniform mark scale' (UMS). The AS is scored out of 300 UMS marks, and the A level out of 600 marks.

Once you have taken the three units for the AS level, and are happy with your award, you let the exam board know. This is called ' cashing in'. If you're not happy, you can opt to resit a unit. You can also appeal.

Who can take them?

Some schools also offer AS-levels in certain subjects for gifted and talented students in Years 10 and 11 (ages 14 to 16).

In most cases, you need at least five GCSEs at grades A*-C. Sometimes, you need a grade B or above at GCSE in a particular subject to take it at AS or A-level.

Some schools and colleges also ask that you have GCSE grade C or above in English and maths.

What subjects are available?

Most students studying for A-levels take three or four AS-levels in their first year. Doing this means you can keep your options open about which subjects to study as a full A-level.

There is also a range of vocational A-levels, called 'GCEs in applied subjects'.

There are 10 subjects, offering a broad introduction to a vocational area such as business or tourism.

Where can they lead?

If you are applying to university or college A and AS-levels earn the following points in the UCAS tariff.

We welcome your comments and feedback on this article.